[Nature and flavor] Sweet, bitter, salty, slightly cold.
 [return through meridians]returns the spleen, stomach and kidney meridians.
 【Effects】Clears heat and cools blood; nourishes yin and reduces fire; detoxifies and resolves stagnation.
 [Indications] Heat in febrile diseases enters the blood; fever; thirst; red tongue; rash; bone steaming and fatigue cough; insomnia due to deficiency and restlessness; constipation caused by loss of body fluid; blurred vision; sore throat; scrofula and phlegm nodules; carbuncles and ulcers.
 【Medical records】
 ① "Ben Jing": "It is used to treat cold and heat accumulation in the abdomen, postpartum diseases in women, replenish kidney qi, and improve eyesight."
 ② "Bie Lu": "It is used to treat sudden stroke, fever due to typhoid fever, fullness and madness, unconsciousness, fever, blood clots and cold blood, remove qi in the chest, relieve water, stop thirst, disperse nuclei under the neck, carbuncle, heart and stomach pain, hard diseases, and stabilize the five internal organs."
 ③ "Medicinal Properties": "It can treat sudden heat, hot wind headache, typhoid fever, fatigue, and tumors."
 ④ "Rihuazi Bencao": "It can treat head wind, heat toxins, wandering wind, replenish deficiency and fatigue, palpitations and irritability, lack of bone steaming, transmission of corpse evil spirits, stop forgetfulness, and reduce swelling and toxins."
 ⑤ "Medical Origin": "It is used to treat heart annoyance and insomnia, mental confusion, blood stasis and urinary incontinence."
 ⑥ "Pin Hui Jing Yao": "It can eliminate swelling in the throat and relieve rootless fire."
 ⑦ "Compendium of Materia Medica": "It nourishes yin and reduces fire, removes spots and toxins, relieves throat pain, and relieves urinary blood stasis."
 ⑧ "Compendium of Materia Medica": "It can treat heat evil in the chest, diaphragm, heart and lungs, and clear heat accumulation in the bladder, liver and kidneys. It can treat sore throat caused by wind-heat, relieve red eyes caused by liver yang, stop spontaneous sweating and night sweats, and treat vomiting blood and epistaxis."
 【Predecessors release medicine】
 1. "Medical Origin": "It is used to treat insomnia due to restlessness and anxiety, confusion and loss of consciousness, blood stasis and difficulty urinating."
 2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Kidney water is injured, true yin is lost, and solitary yang has no roots, which leads to fire disease. The method should strengthen water to control fire, so Xuanshen and Rehmannia have the same effect. It can eliminate scrofula and disperse fire. Liu Shouzhen said that tuberculosis is a fire disease."
 3. "Pharmaceuticals" says: "Dai Ren said that the kidney is cold in nature, and it becomes hot when it is weak. If one indulges in sexual pleasure and consumes essence, the true yin will be depleted, causing virtual fire to rise. Scrophulariaceae can be used to nourish yin and suppress fire. All headaches, heat toxins, tinnitus, sore throat, laryngeal wind, scrofula, typhoid fever yang toxins, and heartache are caused by rootless floating fire. This has the effect of clearing the upper and lower parts. There are great differences in the treatment of kidney deficiency. If the kidney meridian is weak, it will be cold and damp, so it is appropriate to warm it; if the kidney organ is weak, it will be hot and dry, so it is appropriate to cool it. This cool and moisturizing kidney is the only one that has better effects than Zhi and Bai, and is especially the king of kidney medicine."
 4. "Ben Cao Zheng Yi" (Compendium of Materia Medica): "Scrophularia, with the nature of extreme yin, is specialized in treating fever. Its bitter taste can drain and descend, so it can treat symptoms such as heat accumulation in the internal organs. It tastes spicy and slightly salty, so it goes straight to the blood and relieves blood stasis. It can also go to the meridians and eliminate carbuncle caused by heat accumulation. It is cold but not harsh, moist but not greasy. Its nature is similar to that of Zhi, Bai, and Shengdi, but it is milder and has less side effects. Scrophularia is endowed with yin and coldness, and can dispel pathogenic heat, but it is not a nourishing product. The words "Bie Lu" say that it can replenish deficiency and benefit essence are already exaggerated, but "Rihua" actually says that it can replenish fatigue, while Jingyue directly says that it is sweet and can nourish yin. Binhu said that it has the same effect as Rehmannia glutinosa, so the common doctors used it for yin deficiency, fatigue and timidity. How can the rootless fire be extinguished directly? Moreover, the harm was not obvious at the time, and even the floating fire was suppressed by it, and the cough and choking symptoms were slightly cured. The ignorant people attributed it to nourishing yin and reducing fire, but did not know that the ray of yang had been gradually extinguished, and it was no longer curable. The harm of this yin and softness is the same as the indiscriminate use of Zhi and Bai, so the words "nourishing yin" are wrong. It treats the heat evil of the chest, diaphragm, heart and lungs, and clears the heat accumulation of the bladder, liver and kidneys. It treats sore throat caused by wind heat, relieves red eyes caused by liver yang, stops spontaneous sweating and night sweats, and treats vomiting blood and epistaxis. "
 5. "Medical Records of Chinese and Western Medicine": "Scrophularia, with a sweet and slightly bitter taste, is cool in nature and has a lot of fluid. It was originally a medicine for clearing and nourishing the kidney meridian. It can also enter the lungs to clear the heat of the lungs, detoxify and eliminate fire. It is most suitable for lung tuberculosis and lung heat cough. "Ben Jing" says that it can treat postpartum milk disease because it is cool in nature but not cold, and is good at nourishing yin, and has a tonic nature. Therefore, it is most suitable for postpartum blood deficiency and heat, postpartum cold and heat symptoms, and heat entering the Yangming. In my life, I have treated postpartum exogenous heat. For severe cases, I used Baihu Jia Renshen Decoction, with Scrophularia replacing Anemarrhena in the prescription. For mild cases, I used the Ziyin Qingwei Decoction (two and a half Scrophularia, three qian of Angelica, four qian of Raw Hangzhou Peony, three qian of Imperata Root, and half a qian of Licorice) to cure it. Since it is taboo to use cold medicines after childbirth, and since there is exogenous heat, it has to be cleared with cold medicines, but Gypsum and Scrophularia, " "Ben Jing" clearly states that it can treat lactation, so I dare to use it boldly. However, gypsum must be added with ginseng to spread it, and I dare not use it together with Anemarrhena asphodeloides. As for the heavy use of Scrophularia in Ziyin Qingwei Decoction, it must be supplemented with Angelica Root and Peony Root in Siwu Decoction. This is what is called being cautious and bold in parallel. "Ben Jing" also says that Scrophularia can improve eyesight. In fact, the liver is connected to the eyes, and Scrophularia can replenish water to nourish the liver wood, so it can improve eyesight. Moreover, the reason why the eyes can see is that there is enough divine water in the pupil, and the divine water consolidates the essence of the kidney to manifest externally. Using Scrophularia together with Platycodon grandiflorum and Lycium barbarum to treat liver and kidney deficiency and heat, and blurred vision, always has a quick effect. In addition, if the exogenous fever has subsided, the person's true yin is deficient, the tongue is dry and without saliva, the gastric juice is depleted, the mouth is bitter and lazy to eat, I always use about 2 grams of Scrophularia, add 2-3 grams of Lu Dangshen, and take several doses in a row to heal themselves. "