[Nature and flavor] Sweet, bitter, cool. Slightly cold in nature, sweet and slightly bitter.
 [entry into meridians]Enters the lung, spleen and stomach meridians.
 [Function] Nourishes yin and clears away heat, moistens the lungs and resolves phlegm, benefits the stomach and produces body fluid.
 [Indications] Chronic cough due to Yin deficiency, tuberculosis cough with blood in sputum, dry cough with little sputum, throat congestion due to deficiency heat, and thirst due to loss of body fluid.
 【Note】Please use with caution if you have cough due to wind-cold or cold in the lungs and stomach.
 【Medical records】
 "Ben Jing": "It can treat blood stasis, shock and qi, eliminate cold and heat, nourish the middle, and benefit the lung qi. Long-term use is beneficial to people."
 "Bie Lu": "It can treat stomach pain, heart and stomach pain, heat evil qi, headache, evil heat between the skin, calm the five internal organs, and nourish the middle."
 "Medicine Properties": "It can remove floating wind in the skin and muscles, treat hernia, treat frequent sleepiness, nourish the liver qi, and relieve wind in the five internal organs."
 【Predecessors release medicine】
 "New Compendium of Materia Medica": Adenophora Root, bitter and sweet, slightly cold. Non-toxic. Enters the lung and liver meridians. Treats various poisons, discharges pus and eliminates hardness, soothes the five internal organs, nourishes the lungs and liver, stops hernia and colic, relieves itching, removes evil heat, and relieves anxiety. It can be used as the main drug, but its effect is very slow, so it must be used in large quantities. Yi Lao used it instead of ginseng, which is wrong.
 Some people say that it can calm the five internal organs and has the same effect as ginseng. Some also say that ginseng replenishes the yang of the five internal organs, while Adenophora replenishes the yin of the five internal organs. All of these are based on their own speculations without knowing the function of Adenophora.
 "Ben Cao Jing Jie": The air is slightly cold. The taste is bitter. It is non-toxic. It cures blood stagnation and fright. It eliminates cold and heat. It nourishes the middle and benefits the lungs. Adenophora has a slightly cold air. It has the water air of early winter. It enters the foot Shaoyin kidney meridian. It has a bitter and non-toxic taste. It has the fire air of the south. It enters the hand Shaoyin heart meridian. The air and smell are both descending. It is yin. The heart governs blood and stores the spirit. If the spirit is not at peace, blood stagnates and it is easy to be frightened. The stagnation can be dispersed. The fright can be calmed. Adenophora has a bitter taste that can disperse. The cold air can calm. The heart fire has the nature of flaming upwards. If the fire is depressed, it is cold. If the fire is released, it is hot. The bitter and cold taste can clear the heart fire. Therefore, it eliminates cold and heat. The yin is what protects the middle. The cold air benefits the yin. Therefore, it nourishes the middle. The lung is the gold storehouse. Its nature is afraid of fire. Adenophora enters the heart. The bitter and cold air clears the fire. Therefore, it benefits the lungs.
 "Compendium of Materia Medica Chongyuan": It has a bitter smell, is slightly cold, and is non-toxic. It cures blood stasis and convulsions, eliminates cold and heat, replenishes the middle, and benefits the lung qi. "Bielu" says: Long-term use is beneficial to people. Adenophora grows in sandy land near water. It is completely cold in nature, bitter with sweetness, so it is called slightly cold. It is white and juicy, and has the essence of gold and water. Blood stasis and convulsions are caused by internal deficiency of the nourishing qi, so blood stasis and convulsions occur. Cold and heat are caused by external deficiency of the defensive qi, so the skin and surface are not harmonious and cause cold and heat. To replenish the middle, replenish the essence of the middle jiao. To replenish the middle, blood stasis and convulsions can be cured. To benefit the lungs, benefit the lungs in the skin and fur, and to benefit the lungs, cold and heat can be eliminated. The reason is that it is the essence of water to replenish the middle, and the essence of gold to benefit the lungs. Long-term use can regulate blood and qi and make the nourishing and defensive qi harmonious, so it is beneficial to people. My humble comment: "Benjing" says that ginseng tastes sweet, Adenophora tastes bitter, and both are slightly cold in nature. Later generations changed ginseng to be slightly warm and Adenophora to be sweet, not knowing that ginseng is sweet, with a little bitterness in the sweetness, so it is called slightly cold. Adenophora is completely cold, with a hint of sweetness in the bitterness, so it is called slightly cold. The words of the ancient sages have their own profound meanings, but later generations did not think about understanding and examining them, and arbitrarily changed the scriptures, which was the worst misleading.
 "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "Adenophora scabra is used to treat blood stasis, shock, and heat and cold. Only Xu can explain the word "blood stasis" best. He said that Adenophora scabra is a medicine for regulating blood in the lung qi. It is white in color and light in body. It is unblocked without being dry, moist without being stagnant. If blood is blocked in the lung, it cannot be cleared without this medicine." "Regulating blood", "blocking blood", and "clearing it" are exactly the boundaries of Adenophora scabra for treating blood. It is very different from peach kernel, which is a lung medicine and treats blood stasis. Heat hurts the qi, and the qi is blocked and the blood is also blocked. The heart is disturbed and there is shock. The Yingwei is out of control and there is heat and cold. It is not a very serious symptom, so Adenophora scabra is used to treat it. Adenophora scabra grows in sand dunes and has a slightly cold qi. It is white in color and has white juice when broken. The stems are drawn in autumn and the flowers bloom in autumn, and it has a lot of gold qi. The slightly sweet taste can replenish the earth in the lungs, and the slightly bitter taste can guide the lung qi downward. Gold is used to attack and benefit, cold can clear heat, restore body fluid and benefit yin. Therefore, those with lung heat and qi deficiency can be supplemented by this medicine, those with blood obstruction can be cleared by this medicine, and those with fright, cold and heat can all be stopped by this medicine.
 "Shen Nong's Herbal Classics: Records of 100 Plants": bitter, slightly cold. Treats blood stagnation, blood caused by lung qi rising up. Shocking qi, heart fire attacking the lungs. Eliminates cold and heat, cold and heat caused by lung disorder. Tonifies the middle, the lungs control qi, and when the lung qi is harmonious, the qi is full and the three burners are full. Benefits the lung qi. It is white in color and light in body, so it enters the lungs. Long-term use is beneficial to people. It has the effect of clearing and harmonizing lung qi. The lungs control qi, so most of the medicines in the lung family have qi. However, the medicines with qi must be dry, and those that can nourish the lungs are greasy and stagnant without clearing the deficiency. Only Adenophora is a medicine for regulating blood in the qi of the lungs. It is white in color and light in body. It is unblocked without dryness, moist without stagnation. Blood blocked in the lungs cannot be cleared without this.